Genchikov L A, Prozorovskiĭ S V, Gagaev G G
Antibiotiki. 1984 Feb;29(2):99-104.
A total of 37490 medical histories of patients with "pure" and conditionally "pure" operations were analysed with a purpose of studying the scales of hospital infections in surgical inpatients and the effect of the prophylactic use of antibiotics on the frequency of postoperative complications. It was found that postoperative purulent complications developed in 10-25 per cent of patients. Antibiotics and mainly penicillin and streptomycin were used in the treatment of 75 per cent of patients before, during and after operations. The prophylactic use of the antibiotics in mass operations did not prevent the development of infections. Infiltrates and purulent wounds were more frequent (P less than 0.001) in patients subjected to the antibiotic prophylaxis. This indicates that the use of the antibiotics for preventing possible complications in patients with the "pure" operations and in the majority of patients with the conditionally "pure" operations is not advisable. The strategy of the rational use of antibiotics requires that the staff of the large hospitals should include a chemotherapeutist for defining the tactics of chemotherapy and controlling the use of antibiotics which should promote a decrease in the incidence of hospital infections and in the rate of lethality.
对总共37490例接受“单纯”和条件性“单纯”手术患者的病历进行了分析，目的是研究外科住院患者医院感染的规模以及预防性使用抗生素对术后并发症发生率的影响。结果发现，10%至25%的患者出现了术后化脓性并发症。75%的患者在手术前、手术期间和手术后使用了抗生素，主要是青霉素和链霉素。在大规模手术中预防性使用抗生素并不能预防感染的发生。接受抗生素预防的患者中，浸润和化脓性伤口更为常见（P<0.001）。这表明，在“单纯”手术患者以及大多数条件性“单纯”手术患者中，使用抗生素预防可能的并发症是不可取的。合理使用抗生素的策略要求大型医院的工作人员应配备一名化疗专家，以确定化疗策略并控制抗生素的使用，这应有助于降低医院感染的发生率和死亡率。
