Aristimuño G G, Foster T A, Voors A W, Srinivasan S R, Berenson G S
Circulation. 1984 May;69(5):895-904. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.69.5.895.
The relationship between body fat indexes, lipid and lipoprotein levels, and blood pressure was studied in 2230 children, each examined during 1973, 1976, and 1978. The children were grouped with the use of seven percentile (P) intervals of triceps skinfold thickness that were specific for race, sex, and age; cardiovascular risk factor variables were assessed over time. Of the 238 children initially in the lowest P group (less than 15P), 44% remained there, and 65% had skinfold thicknesses below 30P on the three occasions. Of the 352 children in the highest P group (greater than or equal to 85P), who were considered to be very obese, 39% remained at this level while 69% remained at 70P or greater. Of the 366 considered to be obese (greater than or equal to 70, less than 85%P), 38% remained at or above 70P. At baseline, children in the seven groups differed in weight, ponderosity (wt/ht3), systolic and diastolic blood pressures, serum triglyceride levels, and pre-beta- and beta-lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Pairwise comparison of data from children in each of the six other groups with those from children in the middle range (greater than or equal to 40, less than 60P) showed that the obese and very obese children had significantly higher systolic blood pressures (p less than .05), while only those in the highest P group had significantly greater diastolic blood pressures (p less than .05). These differences increased and diverged over time. Those in the obese and very obese groups showed a striking drop over time in alpha-lipoprotein cholesterol levels and increases in pre-beta-lipoprotein cholesterol levels and systolic blood pressure. Triglyceride levels decreased over time for the lowest and middle range groups but remained at higher levels in obese and very obese children. There was a strong tendency for tracking (remaining in the same P group over time) in lean, obese, and very obese children. Those who tracked showed definite differences in risk factor variables at the baseline level and over time when compared with the middle range group. Since consistent obesity in early life enhances cardiovascular risk, the measurement over time of skinfold thickness in children is a useful method to detect the potential for adult cardiovascular disease.
对2230名儿童进行了研究，以探讨身体脂肪指数、血脂和脂蛋白水平与血压之间的关系，这些儿童在1973年、1976年和1978年分别接受了检查。根据针对种族、性别和年龄的肱三头肌皮褶厚度的七个百分位数（P）区间对儿童进行分组；并对心血管危险因素变量进行了长期评估。最初处于最低P组（小于15P）的238名儿童中，44%仍处于该组，且在三次检查中，65%的儿童皮褶厚度低于30P。在被认为非常肥胖的最高P组（大于或等于85P）的352名儿童中，39%仍处于该水平，而69%的儿童皮褶厚度仍在70P或更高。在被认为肥胖（大于或等于70P，小于85%P）的366名儿童中，38%的儿童皮褶厚度仍在70P或以上。在基线时，七组儿童在体重、肥胖度（体重/身高³）、收缩压和舒张压、血清甘油三酯水平以及前β-脂蛋白和β-脂蛋白胆固醇水平方面存在差异。将其他六组儿童的数据与处于中等范围（大于或等于40P，小于60P）的儿童的数据进行两两比较，结果显示肥胖和非常肥胖的儿童收缩压显著更高（p小于0.05），而只有最高P组的儿童舒张压显著更高（p小于0.05）。这些差异随着时间的推移而增加并扩大。肥胖和非常肥胖组的儿童随着时间的推移，α-脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著下降，前β-脂蛋白胆固醇水平和收缩压升高。最低和中等范围组的儿童甘油三酯水平随时间下降，但肥胖和非常肥胖儿童的甘油三酯水平仍维持在较高水平。瘦、肥胖和非常肥胖的儿童有很强的跟踪趋势（随着时间的推移仍处于同一P组）。与中等范围组相比，跟踪的儿童在基线水平和随时间变化的危险因素变量方面存在明显差异。由于儿童期持续肥胖会增加心血管疾病风险，因此长期测量儿童的皮褶厚度是检测成人心血管疾病潜在风险的一种有用方法。
