Greenspan S I, Porges S W
Child Dev. 1984 Feb;55(1):49-70.
The developmental-structuralist approach to psychopathology in infants and young children involves studying adaptive and maladaptive patterns at each level of "experimental organization" from the early sensory, motor, and affective-thematic organizations to the later representational ones. Psychopathology may be related to defects or constrictions at each organizational level, including the representational or symbolic realm, without underlying vulnerabilities in earlier levels of organization, and may also involve the presumed "underbelly" of the personality, those central nervous system organizations that have to do with filtering and processing of perceptions and experience (the early sensory and affective-thematic organizations). The most severe psychopathologies, it will be suggested, occur where there are compromises in both the early sensory and affective-thematic and later representational organizations. Early limitations in "processing" animate or inanimate experiences may, in many instances, be highly specific and reversible rather than global. The early detection of sensory and affective-thematic organizational compromises, followed by approaches that facilitate phase-specific "essential experiences" through intact sensory pathways and the remediation of compromised ones, may provide a systematic base for possible preventive intervention approaches.
婴幼儿精神病理学的发展结构主义方法涉及研究从早期的感觉、运动和情感主题组织到后期的表征组织等每个“实验性组织”层面的适应性和适应不良模式。精神病理学可能与每个组织层面的缺陷或局限有关，包括表征或符号领域，而早期组织层面不存在潜在的脆弱性，并且可能还涉及人格的假定“软肋”，即那些与感知和经验的过滤及处理相关的中枢神经系统组织（早期的感觉和情感主题组织）。有人认为，最严重的精神病理学发生在早期感觉和情感主题组织以及后期表征组织都出现损害的情况下。在许多情况下，早期在“处理”有生命或无生命体验方面的局限可能是高度特定且可逆的，而非全局性的。早期检测到感觉和情感主题组织的损害，随后通过完整的感觉通路促进特定阶段“基本体验”并修复受损通路的方法，可能为可能的预防性干预方法提供系统基础。
