Biochemical and genetic analysis of pre-stalk specific acid phosphatase in Dictyostelium.

The only known enzymatic marker of pre-stalk cells at the slug stage of development in Dictyostelium discoideum is an isozyme of acid phosphatase, AP2. There is another isozyme of acid phosphatase, AP1, which is present in vegetative cells and is not cell-type specific. We have purified these isozymes and find they differ in Km and thermostability. Both isozymes are affected by mutations in a single locus, acpA. Two mutations in the acpA locus abolished all activity of both AP1 and AP2 while a third mutation reduced the activity and altered the thermostability of both isozymes. It is likely that acpA is the structural gene responsible for both AP1 and AP2. The cell-type specificity of AP2 appears to result from differences in the modification of the acpA gene product between pre-spore and pre-stalk cells. The resulting difference in AP2 provides a useful marker for pre-stalk cells.