Taylor S E, Lichtman R R, Wood J V
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1984 Mar;46(3):489-502. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.46.3.489.
Attributions for cancer and beliefs about control over cancer were examined for their association with adjustment to breast cancer. Although 95% of the respondents made attributions for their cancer, no particular attribution (e.g., stress, diet) was associated with better adjustment. Analyses of attributions of responsibility for the cancer to the self, environment, another person, or chance yielded only a negative relation between adjustment and blaming another person. In contrast, both the belief that one could now control one's cancer and the belief that others (e.g. the physician) could now control the cancer were significantly associated with good adjustment. Of the different types of control, cognitive control was most strongly associated with adjustment, behavior control was less strongly associated with adjustment, and information control and retrospective control were unassociated with adjustment. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
研究了癌症归因以及对癌症控制的信念与乳腺癌适应情况之间的关联。尽管95%的受访者对自己患癌做出了归因，但没有哪种特定归因（如压力、饮食）与更好的适应情况相关。将癌症责任归因于自身、环境、他人或运气的分析结果显示，只有将责任归咎于他人与适应情况呈负相关。相比之下，认为自己现在能够控制癌症以及认为他人（如医生）现在能够控制癌症这两种信念都与良好的适应情况显著相关。在不同类型的控制中，认知控制与适应情况的关联最为紧密，行为控制与适应情况的关联较弱，而信息控制和回顾性控制与适应情况无关。文中讨论了这些结果的理论和实际意义。
