Craft J B, Robichaux A G, Kim H S, Thorpe D H, Mazel P, Woolf W A, Stolte A
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1984 Apr 15;148(8):1098-104. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(84)90635-5.
Since the demonstration of opiate receptors in the spinal cord in the mid-1970s, investigators have been looking for the most effective epidural narcotic. With the use of the chronically catheterized maternal sheep model, we injected two different doses of preservative-free fentanyl (50 and 100 micrograms) into the epidural space. No statistically significant changes were observed, either in maternal or fetal arterial pressure and acid-base status or in maternal central venous pressure, systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance, cardiac output, and intrauterine pressure (p greater than 0.05). With a dose of 50 micrograms of fentanyl, maternal levels of fentanyl peaked at 60 minutes (50 pg/ml) and the fetal levels of fentanyl peaked at 45 minutes (20 pg/ml). With the 100 micrograms dose of fentanyl, maternal levels of fentanyl peaked at 45 minutes (230 pg/ml) and the fetal levels peaked at 15 minutes (110 pg/ml). We conclude that the injection of 50 and 100 micrograms of fentanyl into the maternal epidural space has no adverse effects on mother or fetus in the sheep model.
自20世纪70年代中期在脊髓中发现阿片受体以来，研究人员一直在寻找最有效的硬膜外麻醉剂。我们使用长期留置导管的母羊模型，将两种不同剂量的无防腐剂芬太尼（50微克和100微克）注入硬膜外腔。在母体或胎儿动脉压、酸碱状态、母体中心静脉压、全身和肺血管阻力、心输出量以及子宫内压方面，均未观察到统计学上的显著变化（p>0.05）。使用50微克芬太尼剂量时，母体芬太尼水平在60分钟时达到峰值（50皮克/毫升），胎儿芬太尼水平在45分钟时达到峰值（20皮克/毫升）。使用100微克芬太尼剂量时，母体芬太尼水平在45分钟时达到峰值（230皮克/毫升），胎儿水平在15分钟时达到峰值（110皮克/毫升）。我们得出结论，在母羊模型中，向母体硬膜外腔注射50微克和100微克芬太尼对母体或胎儿均无不良影响。
