Kircher M A
Am J Occup Ther. 1984 Mar;38(3):165-70. doi: 10.5014/ajot.38.3.165.
Perceived exertion during the performance of purposeful and nonpurposeful activity was studied in 26 women. The subjects acted as their own controls in the performance of both kinds of exercise. The two exercises were jumping rope, defined as a purposeful activity, and jumping in place without a rope, defined as a nonpurposeful activity. In each activity the subjects exercised to reach the subjective point of "very hard work" on the Borg Scale of Perceived Exertion. Duration and cessation of exercise were entirely controlled by the performers. Heart rate responses during and immediately after cessation of exercise, measured by electrocardiographic telemetry, and duration of exercise in seconds were compared for the two types of exercise. Results showed that heart rate increase at a given rate of perceived exertion was significantly higher (.001) for jumping rope. This raises the possibility that workload was inadvertently perceived by the performers to be greater in nonpurposeful activity and provides support for the hypothesis that purposeful activity serves as an intrinsic motivator to the performer.
对26名女性在进行有目的和无目的活动时的主观用力感觉进行了研究。受试者在进行这两种运动时都以自身作为对照。这两种运动分别是跳绳，被定义为有目的的活动，以及无绳原地跳跃，被定义为无目的的活动。在每项活动中，受试者进行运动，直到在博格主观用力感觉量表上达到“非常辛苦的工作”这一主观程度。运动的持续时间和停止完全由受试者自行控制。通过心电图遥测技术测量运动期间及运动停止后即刻的心率反应，并比较两种运动的以秒为单位的运动持续时间。结果显示，在给定的主观用力感觉速率下，跳绳时的心率升高显著更高（P<0.001）。这增加了一种可能性，即受试者无意中感觉到无目的活动中的工作量更大，并为以下假设提供了支持：有目的的活动对受试者起到内在激励作用。
