Stroke after carotid endarterectomy: risk as predicted by preoperative computerized tomography.

In patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, the role of preoperative computerized tomographic head scanning in predicting the risk of postoperative neurologic deficit was determined by a retrospective evaluation of a select group of 107 consecutive patients with preoperative scans. Patients with infarction determined preoperatively by computerized tomography were found to be at a significantly higher risk for postoperative neurologic deficit than patients with a normal preoperative computerized tomographic scan. History and physical examination alone detected only 66 percent of the infarctions found with preoperative computerized tomographic scanning in these patients. Because the incidence of infarction revealed computerized tomography in patients with symptoms of a reversible ischemic neurologic deficit was 22 percent, we have proposed a new definition of reversible ischemic neurologic deficit to include the necessary finding of a normal computerized tomographic scan. Patients who presented with transient ischemic attack and the unexpected finding of a subclinical infarction on the preoperative scan were at the same significantly higher risk for postoperative stroke and a permanent neurologic deficit. Computerized tomographic scanning of potential carotid endarterectomy patients is of benefit not only to rule out other sources of neurologic symptoms, but also to predict more accurately the risk of postoperative neurologic deficit.