Bleck E E
Foot Ankle. 1984 Jan-Feb;4(4):188-94. doi: 10.1177/107110078400400405.
Forefoot deformities in cerebral palsy include cavus, metatarsus adductus, hallux valgus and bunion, dorsal bunion, and toe flexion contractures. Both prevention and correction of these deformities are surgical. Some can be prevented by lengthening or tenotomy of the spastic muscle that causes the dynamic deformity which eventually becomes the fixed skeletal deformity. Fixed deformities need osteotomies and arthrodesis of the bones in addition to removing the force of the deforming muscle. Some forefoot problems are related to the mid and hind foot, e.g., hallux valgus due to spastic pes valgus. Severe cavus can develop after overzealous Achilles tendon lengthening and failure to separate forefoot from hindfoot equinus.
脑瘫中的前足畸形包括高弓足、内收跖骨、拇外翻和拇囊炎、背侧拇囊炎以及趾屈曲挛缩。这些畸形的预防和矫正都需要手术。一些畸形可以通过延长或切断引起动态畸形（最终会发展为固定骨骼畸形）的痉挛肌肉来预防。除了消除致畸形肌肉的力量外，固定畸形还需要对骨骼进行截骨术和关节融合术。一些前足问题与中足和后足有关，例如因痉挛性平足导致的拇外翻。过度进行跟腱延长且未能将前足与后足马蹄足分开后，可能会出现严重的高弓足。
