Kao C C, Chang L W, Bloodworth J M
J Neurosurg. 1977 Jun;46(6):745-56. doi: 10.3171/jns.1977.46.6.0745.
The authors report their findings by electron microscopy after microsurgical subpial spinal cord transection in dogs. After cord transection, conspicuous myelin microcysts are formed in a background of otherwise intact cord tisue at a distance of 1 to 2 mm from the cut end of the cord, both proximal and distal to the transection, Seen through the electron microscope, the microcysts iss a myelin sac distended by fluid under pressure, containing a swollen axon filled with excessive axoplasmic organelles; that is, a terminal club. Later the microcysts and terminal clubs rupture. The large spaces within the microcysts are opened to heretofore small extracellular spaces and the spinal cord tissues are destroyed. Thus, microcysts are precursors of large cavitites seen at the ends of transcreted cord stumps. The formation of microcysts and their subsequent rupture, which leads to cord cavitation, is interpreted as an inherent response of cord tissue to injury, and the result of an abortive attempt at cord regeneration.
作者报告了在狗身上进行显微外科软膜下脊髓横断术后通过电子显微镜观察到的结果。脊髓横断后，在距离脊髓切断端1至2毫米的范围内，在其他方面完好的脊髓组织背景中形成明显的髓鞘微囊肿，在横断处的近端和远端均可见。通过电子显微镜观察，微囊肿是一个因压力下的液体而膨胀的髓鞘囊，包含一个充满过多轴浆细胞器的肿胀轴突，即终末棒。随后微囊肿和终末棒破裂。微囊肿内的大空间通向以前较小的细胞外空间，脊髓组织被破坏。因此，微囊肿是在横断脊髓残端末端看到的大空洞的前体。微囊肿的形成及其随后的破裂导致脊髓空洞化，这被解释为脊髓组织对损伤的固有反应，以及脊髓再生失败尝试的结果。
