Gal T J, Suratt P M, Lu J Y
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984 May;129(5):871-3. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1984.129.5.871.
Bronchodilation was produced in normal subjects by inhalation of high doses of a quaternary parasympatholytic agent (glycopyrrolate), and responses were compared with those of atropine and a placebo. Both drugs induced significant increases in specific airway conductance (SGaw) and forced expiratory flows, but the effects of glycopyrrolate were sustained significantly longer (greater than 6 h). Whereas atropine produced an increased heart rate (26%) and severe dry mouth in all subjects, these symptoms were absent with glycopyrrolate and placebo. Therefore, glycopyrrolate produces significant bronchodilation of long duration but free of the side effects of muscarinic blockade that characterize atropine inhalation.
通过吸入高剂量的季铵类副交感神经阻滞剂（格隆溴铵）在正常受试者中产生支气管扩张，并将其反应与阿托品和安慰剂的反应进行比较。两种药物均使比气道传导率（SGaw）和用力呼气流量显著增加，但格隆溴铵的作用持续时间明显更长（超过6小时）。阿托品使所有受试者的心率增加（26%）并出现严重口干，而格隆溴铵和安慰剂则无这些症状。因此，格隆溴铵可产生显著且持续时间长的支气管扩张作用，且无阿托品吸入所具有的毒蕈碱阻断副作用。
