Fasshauer K, Schliep G, Haupt W F
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1984 Apr;52(4):122-34. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1002010.
Between 1968 and 1981 52 patients with syringomyelia were investigated clinically and with several additional procedures. The introduction of computerized axial tomography (CAT) has led to a change in diagnostic measurements in this disease. Therefore it has become necessary to evaluate the usefulness of additional investigations made in recent past. From own experiences the following measurements are indicated in patients with presumed syringomyelia: X-rays of the cervical and thoracal spinal column and the skull have to be complemented by automatic computerized transverse axial tomography (ACTA) of the spinal canal. CSF should be investigated before metrizamide myelography combined with computerized tomography--the so called computed assisted myelography--is done. These methods both the automatic computerized transverse axial tomography of the spinal canal and the computed assisted myelography allow a differentiation between communicating and non communicating syringomyelia. Computerized axial tomography of the skull is indicated to detect interval hydrocephalus that may be associated with communicating syringomyelia. The other methods evaluated in this study cannot be used to ascertain diagnosis. These measurements combined with clinical and radiological findings may only support diagnosis. Their significance lies in the critical examination of lost functions in the individual case. Especially electrodiagnostic test--as electromyelography and measurement of nerve conduction velocity--show the extension and distribution of the involved peripheral nervous system. These methods are necessary for the critical evaluation of both the spontaneous clinical course and the results of therapeutic procedures. The electromyography findings show the process of denervation already occurred and the degree of motor activity yet available. The measurement of nerve conduction velocity indicates the localization of involved peripheral nerves. The determination of evoked potentials yields informative findings. But at present the value of this method cannot yet be estimated finally. The indication of the discussed investigations depends on the clinical findings in the individual case with the exception of the radiological procedures.
1968年至1981年间，对52例脊髓空洞症患者进行了临床及多项其他检查。计算机断层扫描（CAT）的引入改变了该疾病的诊断方法。因此，有必要评估近期所做其他检查的效用。根据自身经验，对于疑似脊髓空洞症患者，建议进行以下检查：颈椎、胸椎及颅骨的X线检查需辅以椎管自动计算机横断轴向断层扫描（ACTA）。在进行甲泛葡胺脊髓造影联合计算机断层扫描（即所谓的计算机辅助脊髓造影）之前，应先检查脑脊液。这些检查方法，即椎管自动计算机横断轴向断层扫描和计算机辅助脊髓造影，可区分交通性和非交通性脊髓空洞症。颅骨计算机断层扫描有助于检测可能与交通性脊髓空洞症相关的间歇性脑积水。本研究中评估的其他方法无法用于确诊。这些检查结合临床和影像学表现仅能辅助诊断。其意义在于对个别病例功能丧失情况的严格检查。尤其是电诊断测试，如肌电图和神经传导速度测量，可显示受累周围神经系统的范围和分布。这些方法对于严格评估自发临床病程及治疗效果均很必要。肌电图结果显示已发生的去神经过程及尚存的运动活动程度。神经传导速度测量可表明受累周围神经的定位。诱发电位测定可得出有用结果。但目前该方法的价值尚无法最终评估。除影像学检查外，所讨论检查的适应证取决于个别病例的临床表现。
