Anson O, Bernstein J, Hobfoll S E
J Pers Assess. 1984 Apr;48(2):168-72. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa4802_11.
The relationship between trait and state anxiety and performance was studied in two ego threatening situations among 312 subjects. Candidates with high scores in trait and state anxiety measured just prior to a selection interview for medical school were predicted to receive poorer interview ratings than those candidates with low scores. High trait anxiety, but not state anxiety, measured prior to selection interviews was predicted to be negatively related to academic performance measured up to 1 year later. Neither trait nor state anxiety was found to be significantly related to interview performance ratings. Trait anxiety, but not state anxiety, was found to be significantly related to academic performance: low trait anxious subjects performed better than medium and high trait anxious subjects. This relationship was found to be sustained when controlled for academic aptitude.
在312名受试者中，研究了特质焦虑和状态焦虑与表现之间的关系，这两种情况均涉及自我威胁。预计在医学院选拔面试前测得特质焦虑和状态焦虑高分的考生，其面试评分会低于低分考生。预计选拔面试前测得的高特质焦虑而非状态焦虑与一年后测得的学业成绩呈负相关。未发现特质焦虑和状态焦虑与面试表现评分有显著关系。发现特质焦虑而非状态焦虑与学业成绩显著相关：低特质焦虑的受试者比中等和高特质焦虑的受试者表现更好。在控制了学术能力后，发现这种关系依然存在。
