Neilley L K, Ellis R A
Nurse Pract. 1984 May;9(5):26-34, 66.
Nails can act as a barometer of an individual's health, offer clues to nutritional disturbances and serve as windows through which to view capillary changes associated with constitutional disease. Understanding growth and development of normal nails is essential to the identification and interpretation of nail pathology. Causes of onychopathology include genetic disease, trauma, tumors, dermatologic disease, miscellaneous acquired disorders and generalized systemic disease. Diagnosis is aided by the realization that the nails have a limited number of reaction patterns when disturbed by disease. Any of these reactions may manifest a host of disorders. Clinicians should remember to include the nails in patient assessment. The nails are interesting anatomical and physiological areas that can help make a diagnosis.
指甲可作为个人健康的晴雨表，为营养失调提供线索，并作为观察与体质性疾病相关的毛细血管变化的窗口。了解正常指甲的生长和发育对于指甲病理学的识别和解释至关重要。指甲病理学的病因包括遗传疾病、创伤、肿瘤、皮肤病、各种后天性疾病和全身性疾病。认识到指甲在受到疾病干扰时的反应模式有限有助于诊断。这些反应中的任何一种都可能表现出一系列疾病。临床医生应记住将指甲纳入患者评估中。指甲是有趣的解剖和生理部位，有助于做出诊断。
