Friedman L
Psychoanal Q. 1984 Apr;53(2):167-207.
Roy Schafer and Merton Gill evoke two historically distinguished images of psychoanalytic treatment, one showing analysis elaborating life histories, and the other picturing the analyst as stirring transference embers into flame. A close examination of their implied theories of therapeutic action suggests that they mainly differ on whether allusions to the analyst are often localized in certain gestures or are always uniformly distributed throughout the patient's presentation. Because of this theoretical difference, these authors use different means to invite new experience, and they weigh differently the advantage of having a firm guide to turning-points in behavior against the advantage of maintaining an unconfinable curiosity.
罗伊·沙弗和默顿·吉尔唤起了精神分析治疗在历史上的两种不同形象，一种展示的是分析详述生活史，另一种描绘的是分析师将移情的余烬煽成火焰。对他们隐含的治疗作用理论进行仔细考察会发现，他们的主要分歧在于，对分析师的提及是常常集中在某些姿态上，还是始终均匀地分布在患者的陈述中。由于这一理论差异，这些作者采用了不同的方式来引发新体验，并且他们在拥有行为转折点的坚定指引的优势与保持无法局限的好奇心的优势之间的权衡也有所不同。
