Engelking L R, Dodman N H, Hartman G, Valdez H
Am J Vet Res. 1984 Apr;45(4):616-9.
The acute 2-hour effects of isoflurane anesthesia on liver function and biliary excretion were examined in 2 ponies prepared surgically with chronic external biliary fistulas (T-tubes). Studies were conducted 2 to 8 months postoperatively with the enterohepatic circulation held intact between studies. Bile acid infusion IV (8.1 to 8.8 mumol/min) helped maintain bile flow and bile acid and bilirubin excretion during complete biliary diversion throughout each study. Following 3-hour control periods, anesthesia was induced and maintained at 1.3 to 1.5 minimal alveolar concentration plus O2 (spontaneous breathing) for 2 hours. Compared with the immediate 2-hour preanesthesia values, isoflurane caused significant increases in PCV (27%) and biliary bilirubin excretion (24%). However, no significant differences were detected in plasma or biliary bilirubin concentrations, biliary bile acid concentration or excretion, bile flow, or plasma aspartate aminotransferase concentrations between preanesthesia control and anesthesia periods. The results indicate that although isoflurane anesthesia enhanced hepatic bilirubin excretion, its effects on hepatic bilirubin formation and/or clearance are modest, compared with effects of halothane anesthesia which have previously been shown to enhance equine bilirubin excretion by 138% and reduce bile acid excretion by 27%. Isoflurane anesthesia in ponies does not appear to affect hepatic bile acid transport or bile formation significantly.
在2匹通过外科手术制备了慢性外部胆管瘘（T型管）的小马身上，研究了异氟烷麻醉对肝功能和胆汁排泄的急性2小时影响。术后2至8个月进行研究，研究期间肝肠循环保持完整。在每项研究的完全胆管改道期间，静脉输注胆汁酸（8.1至8.8 μmol/分钟）有助于维持胆汁流量以及胆汁酸和胆红素排泄。在3小时的对照期后，诱导麻醉并在1.3至1.5最低肺泡浓度加氧气（自主呼吸）下维持2小时。与麻醉前即刻的2小时值相比，异氟烷导致红细胞压积显著增加（27%）和胆汁胆红素排泄显著增加（24%）。然而，在麻醉前对照期和麻醉期之间，血浆或胆汁胆红素浓度、胆汁胆汁酸浓度或排泄、胆汁流量或血浆天冬氨酸转氨酶浓度均未检测到显著差异。结果表明，虽然异氟烷麻醉增强了肝脏胆红素排泄，但与氟烷麻醉的作用相比，其对肝脏胆红素形成和/或清除的影响较小，氟烷麻醉先前已显示可使马胆红素排泄增加138%并使胆汁酸排泄减少27%。小马的异氟烷麻醉似乎不会显著影响肝脏胆汁酸转运或胆汁形成。
