Abramson J S, Parce J W, Lewis J C, Lyles D S, Mills E L, Nelson R D, Bass D A
Blood. 1984 Jul;64(1):131-8.
Depressed chemotactic activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) infected with influenza virus could be due to changes occurring at the plasma membrane. The present study examined the effect of unopsonized influenza virus on chemotaxis, adherence, receptor binding, shape change, membrane fluidity, and release of specific granules from PMNL. Chemotactic activity of PMNL under-agarose to the chemoattractants, zymosan-activated serum ( ZAS ) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), and adherence of PMNL to a plastic surface were markedly decreased in virus-treated cells as compared to control cells. The binding of fMLP to the PMNL was increased in virus-treated cells compared with control cells. Exposure of cells to virus, ZAS , or fMLP caused 35%-50% of the cells to become bipolar in shape, whereas less than 5% of the cells exposed to buffer became bipolar. Influenza virus did not alter membrane fluidity as measured by electron spin resonance spectroscopy with the probe 5-doxyl stearate. Virus-treated PMNL stimulated with FMLP or Staphylococcus aureus exhibited a marked decrease in the amount of lactoferrin released into phagosomes, onto the cells' outer membrane, and into the extracellular medium as compared to control cells. The possible relationship between inhibition of lysosomal enzyme degranulation and decreased chemotactic activity and adherence of PMNL is discussed.
感染流感病毒的多形核白细胞（PMNL）趋化活性降低可能是由于质膜发生了变化。本研究检测了未调理的流感病毒对PMNL趋化性、黏附、受体结合、形态变化、膜流动性以及特异性颗粒释放的影响。与对照细胞相比，经病毒处理的细胞中，PMNL在琼脂糖下对趋化因子酵母聚糖激活血清（ZAS）和N-甲酰甲硫氨酰亮氨酰苯丙氨酸（fMLP）的趋化活性以及PMNL对塑料表面的黏附明显降低。与对照细胞相比，经病毒处理的细胞中fMLP与PMNL的结合增加。将细胞暴露于病毒、ZAS或fMLP会使35%-50%的细胞变为双极形态，而暴露于缓冲液的细胞中只有不到5%变为双极形态。用5-硬脂酸基-二氧硬脂酸探针通过电子自旋共振光谱法测量，流感病毒并未改变膜流动性。与对照细胞相比，用FMLP或金黄色葡萄球菌刺激经病毒处理的PMNL后，释放到吞噬体、细胞外膜和细胞外培养基中的乳铁蛋白量显著减少。本文讨论了溶酶体酶脱颗粒抑制与PMNL趋化活性降低和黏附减少之间的可能关系。
