Gracely Richard H, McGrath Patricia, Dubner Ronald
Neurobiology and Anesthesiology Branch, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. 20014 U.S.A.
Pain. 1978 Jun;5(1):5-18. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(78)90020-9.
The results of two experiments show that ratio scales of sensory and affective verbal pain descriptors are valid, reliable and objective. In the first experiment, 16 subjects rated 15 sensory and 15 affective verbal pain descriptors by numerical magnitude estimation and by cross-modality matching to handgrip force. Ratio scales of sensory and affective verbal pain descriptors computed for two separate groups were highly correlated between the groups (sensory, r = 0.97; affective, r = 0.98), as well as over session (r = 0.99, 0.98). Scales based on an individual's data correlated equally with either another set of scales from the same individual (r = 0.96, 0.98) or a mean scale from a similar group (r = 0.96, 0.89). Sensory and affective verbal descriptor scales from the first experiment correlated highly (r = 0.99, 0.99) with those from the second experiment in which 40 subjects rated verbal pain descriptors by cross-modality matching to time duration and to handgrip force. The ratio responses to the verbal descriptors in both experiments demonstrated specific functional relationships found for measurable psychophysical stimuli. This result supports the validity of cross-modality matched ratio scales of verbal stimuli. The reliability of these scales is shown by the high between-session, between-group and between-experiment correlations. The objectivity is shown by the similarity of within-subject and between-subject correlations for both group and individual descriptor scales.
两项实验结果表明，感觉和情感性言语疼痛描述词的比率量表是有效、可靠且客观的。在第一个实验中，16名受试者通过数字量级估计以及与握力的跨模态匹配，对15个感觉性和15个情感性言语疼痛描述词进行了评分。为两个独立组计算的感觉和情感性言语疼痛描述词的比率量表在组间高度相关（感觉性，r = 0.97；情感性，r = 0.98），在不同时段之间也高度相关（r = 0.99，0.98）。基于个体数据的量表与来自同一个体的另一组量表（r = 0.96，0.98）或来自相似组的平均量表（r = 0.96，0.89）具有同等程度的相关性。第一个实验中的感觉和情感性言语描述词量表与第二个实验中的量表高度相关（r = 0.99，0.99），在第二个实验中，40名受试者通过与持续时间和握力的跨模态匹配对言语疼痛描述词进行了评分。两个实验中对言语描述词的比率反应都显示出了与可测量的心理物理刺激所发现的特定功能关系。这一结果支持了言语刺激的跨模态匹配比率量表的有效性。这些量表的可靠性通过不同时段之间、组间以及实验间的高相关性得以体现。客观性则通过组和个体描述词量表在受试者内和受试者间相关性的相似性得以体现。
