Herscovici L, Lemeland J F, Dalion J, Olier B, Fillastre J P
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1984 May;32(5):450-4.
Acute experimental pyelonephritis was produced in rabbits by injecting E. coli (tobramycin MIC 1 mg/l) into the left kidney and temporarily obstructing the ureter. Animals were given 10 mg/kg tobramycin intramuscularly 48 h after surgery and subsequently every day for 7, 10 or 15 days, either in a single daily dose or in three divided doses at 8 h intervals. Animals were killed 24 h after the last injection. Comparison of results shows that kidneys were sterilized by a single daily dose but not by three divided daily doses. In rabbits given the single daily dose regimen, kidneys recovered a normal macroscopical and histological aspect, serum anti-E. coli antibodies rose more slowly and less significantly, serum creatinine increased less, and renal enzymatic activities were restored (alanine aminopeptidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase). These findings suggest better efficacy and renal tolerance of the single daily dose regimen as compared to the three daily divided dose regimen in the treatment of acute experimental pyelonephritis.
通过将大肠杆菌（妥布霉素最低抑菌浓度为1毫克/升）注入家兔左肾并暂时阻断输尿管，制造急性实验性肾盂肾炎模型。术后48小时，给动物肌肉注射10毫克/千克妥布霉素，随后连续7、10或15天每日给药，给药方式为每日单次剂量或每8小时分三次给药。最后一次注射后24小时处死动物。结果比较显示，每日单次剂量可使肾脏灭菌，而每日分三次给药则不能。在接受每日单次剂量给药方案的家兔中，肾脏在大体和组织学方面恢复正常，血清抗大肠杆菌抗体上升更缓慢且不显著，血清肌酐升高较少，肾脏酶活性得以恢复（丙氨酸氨基肽酶和N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶）。这些发现表明，在治疗急性实验性肾盂肾炎方面，与每日分三次给药方案相比，每日单次剂量给药方案疗效更佳且肾脏耐受性更好。
