Conte G, Pellegrini A
Anat Embryol (Berl). 1984;169(2):209-18. doi: 10.1007/BF00303151.
Each coronary artery in humans develops, initially, from two anlagen, one distal and the other proximal. The distal anlage, which is forerunner of the subepicardial branches of the coronary arteries, develops as subepicardial vascular networks on the atrioventricular and interventricular sulci and on the walls of the ventricles and bulbus; these networks are the right-posterior and left-anterior ones. The proximal anlage, which is forerunner of the truncus of the right and left coronary arteries, develops as several endothelial buds of the truncus arteriosus. Normally, only two buds, right and left, hollow out, increase in length and connect with the right and the left vascular networks, respectively, so that the coronary arteries are formed. The cardiac veins appear together with the coronary arteries, but as independent vessels. The authors advance a number of hypotheses as to the origin of certain variations and malformations of the coronary arteries.
人类的每条冠状动脉最初由两个原基发育而来，一个是远端原基，另一个是近端原基。远端原基是冠状动脉心外膜下分支的前身，在心房室沟、室间沟以及心室和动脉圆锥壁上发育为心外膜下血管网；这些血管网分别是右后和左前血管网。近端原基是左右冠状动脉干的前身，由动脉干的几个内皮芽发育而来。正常情况下，只有左右两个芽腔化、伸长并分别与左右血管网相连，从而形成冠状动脉。心脏静脉与冠状动脉同时出现，但为独立的血管。作者就冠状动脉某些变异和畸形的起源提出了一些假说。
