Sullivan D, Warren R F, Pavlov H, Kelman G
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1984 Jul-Aug(187):188-92.
A prospective study was initiated in 1976 to investigate runners who are at risk for incurring stress fractures and how these fractures can be prevented. Fifty-one runners incurred 57 stress fractures. Tibial fractures were most common (25), followed by fibula (12) and metatarsal (8). Seven runners had previously sustained stress fractures, and six developed two stress fractures simultaneously. Five women over 30 years old had pelvic stress fractures. Stress fracture development was positively correlated with the presence of pes planus, weekly training distances greater than 20 miles, hard training surfaces, and training regimen modifications. The incidence did not correlate with generalized musculoskeletal laxity or tightness. Forty-four of 51 patients had initially positive roentgenograms. Five of five bone scans were positive. The average duration of rest before running was resumed was 7.4 weeks.
1976年开展了一项前瞻性研究，以调查有应力性骨折风险的跑步者以及如何预防这些骨折。51名跑步者发生了57例应力性骨折。胫骨骨折最为常见（25例），其次是腓骨（12例）和跖骨（8例）。7名跑步者之前曾发生过应力性骨折，6名跑步者同时发生了两处应力性骨折。5名30岁以上的女性发生了骨盆应力性骨折。应力性骨折的发生与扁平足、每周训练距离大于20英里、坚硬的训练地面以及训练方案的改变呈正相关。发病率与全身肌肉骨骼的松弛或紧绷无关。51例患者中有44例最初的X线片呈阳性。5例骨扫描中有5例呈阳性。恢复跑步前的平均休息时间为7.4周。
