Dubno J R, Dirks D D, Morgan D E
J Acoust Soc Am. 1984 Jul;76(1):87-96. doi: 10.1121/1.391011.
Using an adaptive strategy, the effects of mild sensorineural hearing loss and adult listeners' chronological age on speech recognition in babble were evaluated. The signal-to-babble ratio required to achieve 50% recognition was measured for three speech materials presented at soft to loud conversational speech levels. Four groups of subjects were tested: (1) normal-hearing listeners less than 44 years of age, (2) subjects less than 44 years old with mild sensorineural hearing loss and excellent speech recognition in quiet, (3) normal-hearing listeners greater than 65 with normal hearing, and (4) subjects greater than 65 years old with mild hearing loss and excellent performance in quiet. Groups 1 and 3, and groups 2 and 4 were matched on the basis of pure-tone thresholds, and thresholds for each of the three speech materials presented in quiet. In addition, groups 1 and 2 were similar in terms of mean age and age range, as were groups 3 and 4. Differences in performance in noise as a function of age were observed for both normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners despite equivalent performance in quiet. Subjects with mild hearing loss performed significantly worse than their normal-hearing counterparts. These results and their implications are discussed.
采用一种自适应策略，评估了轻度感音神经性听力损失以及成年听众的实际年龄对嘈杂环境中言语识别的影响。针对以轻声到大声的对话言语水平呈现的三种言语材料，测量了达到50%识别率所需的信号-噪声比。测试了四组受试者：(1)年龄小于44岁的听力正常的听众，(2)年龄小于44岁、患有轻度感音神经性听力损失且在安静环境中言语识别能力优秀的受试者，(3)年龄大于65岁、听力正常的听力正常的听众，以及(4)年龄大于65岁、患有轻度听力损失且在安静环境中表现优秀的受试者。第1组和第3组，以及第2组和第4组在纯音阈值以及安静环境中呈现的三种言语材料各自的阈值基础上进行了匹配。此外，第1组和第2组在平均年龄和年龄范围方面相似，第3组和第4组也是如此。尽管在安静环境中表现相当，但对于听力正常和听力受损的听众，均观察到了在噪声环境中表现随年龄的差异。患有轻度听力损失的受试者的表现明显比听力正常的同龄人差。讨论了这些结果及其影响。
