Hill R M, Gambhir K K, Archer J A, Curry C L
J Natl Med Assoc. 1984 Jun;76(6):579-85.
For 56 black American adolescents ranging in age from 13 to 19 years, 24-hour urinary sodium excretion was compared with blood pressure. The volunteers came from families of middle to low economic levels. Their body weight varied from 70 to 129 percent of ideal body weight. The average systolic pressure of all the subjects was 112.1 mmHg with a standard deviation of 9.5 mmHg; mean diastolic pressure was 69.6 mmHg with a SD of 8 mmHg. The average 24-hour urinary sodium excretion of the total population was 131.5 mEq/24 h with a SD of 59 mEq. For the 29 male subjects, the mean value was 137 mEq/24 h (range, 30 to 309 mEq) and for 27 female subjects, 126.3 mEq/24 h (range, 40 to 197 mEq). The average urinary excretion among these groups was not significantly different (P > .05) and the urinary Na/K ratio of the total group was 4.3 with a SD of 2.0. This ratio among various age and sex subgroups was not significantly different (P > .05). Urinary sodium excretion values were taken as a reflection of dietary salt intake among these volunteers. The data suggest that the black adolescents studied do not consume excess sodium and contradict the belief that blacks eat excess sodium. Further, these baseline data must be considered among the factors responsible for the development of hypertension.
对56名年龄在13至19岁之间的美国黑人青少年，比较了其24小时尿钠排泄量与血压。志愿者来自经济水平中低的家庭。他们的体重在理想体重的70%至129%之间。所有受试者的平均收缩压为112.1 mmHg，标准差为9.5 mmHg；平均舒张压为69.6 mmHg，标准差为8 mmHg。总人群的平均24小时尿钠排泄量为131.5 mEq/24 h，标准差为59 mEq。29名男性受试者的平均值为137 mEq/24 h（范围为30至309 mEq），27名女性受试者的平均值为126.3 mEq/24 h（范围为40至197 mEq）。这些组间的平均尿排泄量无显著差异（P>0.05），总组的尿钠/钾比值为4.3，标准差为2.0。不同年龄和性别亚组间的该比值无显著差异（P>0.05）。尿钠排泄值被视为这些志愿者饮食中盐摄入量的反映。数据表明，所研究的黑人青少年没有摄入过量的钠，这与黑人摄入过量钠的观点相矛盾。此外，在导致高血压发生的因素中必须考虑这些基线数据。
