Exaggerated systolic blood pressure response to exercise in a water polo team.

Twenty-three top-level water polo players (WP) were examined for blood pressure (BP) response to graded and continuous cycle ergometry. Testing also included resting muscle biopsy for fiber typing, exercise ECG recording for heart rate (HR), exercise concentrations of blood lactate (LA), measured VO2max, and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE). A control group (C), whose subjects were physically active in endurance sports, but were older and less fit than the experimental subjects, was tested by an identical protocol. The BP response to exercise was significantly higher in the WP group at all comparison criteria including onset of blood lactate accumulation, absolute HR, percent of HRmax, and power loads (including loadless pedaling). To date, we are unaware of other reports on whole groups of sportsmen showing an exaggerated BP response to exercise. While it would appear from previous studies that normotensive individuals showing such a response are at a greater risk of developing hypertension, the significance of this BP response in highly-trained athletes in a specific sport remains unclear.