Hill J O, Heymsfield S B, McMannus C, DiGirolamo M
Metabolism. 1984 Aug;33(8):743-9. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(84)90216-6.
The relationship between size of a mixed, liquid meal and the thermic effect of food (TEF) was studied in two groups of nonobese male subjects differing in maximum aerobic capacity (VO2 max). A design using repeated measures was chosen in which each subject received each meal (water, 500 kcal, 1000 kcal, 1500 kcal) on a different morning. TEF was measured by indirect calorimetry for three hours following each meal and was found to increase systematically, in a nonlinear fashion, as meal size was increased. Subjects with a high VO2 max responded to the two higher calorie meals with a greater TEF than did subjects with a low VO2 max. They also showed a greater increase in TEF for any given increase in meal size. This study establishes a precise relationship between meal size and the thermic effect of food. It also identifies an important variable, VO2 max, in determination of the individual thermic response to food. These findings suggest that individuals with a high VO2 max (such as aerobically trained athletes) show a greater caloric expenditure after eating, particularly after a large meal, than do individuals with a low VO2 max. A high thermic response to food could be beneficial in body weight homeostasis.
在两组最大有氧能力（VO2 max）不同的非肥胖男性受试者中，研究了混合流食的量与食物热效应（TEF）之间的关系。采用重复测量设计，让每位受试者在不同的早晨摄入每种餐食（水、500千卡、1000千卡、1500千卡）。每餐之后通过间接测热法测量三小时的食物热效应，结果发现随着餐量增加，食物热效应呈非线性系统增加。与低VO2 max的受试者相比，高VO2 max的受试者对两份高热量餐食的食物热效应反应更大。对于任何给定的餐量增加，他们的食物热效应增加也更大。本研究确立了餐量与食物热效应之间的精确关系。还确定了一个重要变量VO2 max，它在决定个体对食物的热反应中起作用。这些发现表明，与低VO2 max的个体相比，高VO2 max的个体（如有氧训练的运动员）进食后，尤其是大餐后，热量消耗更大。对食物产生高的热反应可能有利于体重平衡。
