Barnett G H, Hardy R W
Med Instrum. 1982 Nov-Dec;16(6):291-2.
Treatment of cervical spine injuries dates from 4000 B.C.; however, the development of safe and effective methods of cervical traction did not appear until the 20th century. Although many devices have been introduced to stabilize the cervical spine, the invention of spring-loaded tongs by Gardner in 1973 was a significant technological advance. Gardner tongs are easily applied, have little tendency to become dislodged, and cause few complications.
颈椎损伤的治疗可追溯到公元前4000年;然而,安全有效的颈椎牵引方法直到20世纪才出现。尽管已经引入了许多用于稳定颈椎的装置,但1973年加德纳发明的弹簧加载钳是一项重大的技术进步。加德纳钳易于应用,很少有移位的倾向,并且引起的并发症很少。