Melkonian M
Symp Soc Exp Biol. 1982;35:589-606.
The flagellar apparatus of green algae is a complex organelle of great structural diversity. Diversity exists with respect to numbers of flagella, flagellar appendages (e.g., scales), origin of flagella in relation to cell symmetry, basal body and transitional region ultrastructure, fibrous structures interconnecting basal bodies and flagellar root systems. The flagellar apparatus performs several different functions in a single cell and also probably functions differently in different green algal genera. In addition to being an organelle which moves the cell through an aqueous environment the flagellar apparatus reacts to the mechanical, chemical, gravitational and light stimulation of the cell. It also plays an important role during sexual fusion of isogamous, anisogamous and oogamous species of green algae. Furthermore it contains several microtubule-organising centres (MTOCs) and in most flagellated green algae these MTOCs organise the whole microtubular system of the cell. In this review the different strategies which are currently employed to evaluate the functional significance of various structures of the flagellar apparatus in green algae are discussed. Emphasis is given to those structures which are not directly engaged in generating the motive force of flagella.
绿藻的鞭毛器是一种结构多样性极高的复杂细胞器。在鞭毛数量、鞭毛附属物（如鳞片）、鞭毛相对于细胞对称性的起源、基体和过渡区的超微结构、连接基体的纤维结构以及鞭毛根系等方面都存在多样性。鞭毛器在单个细胞中执行多种不同功能，并且在不同的绿藻属中可能也有不同的功能。除了作为一种能使细胞在水环境中移动的细胞器外，鞭毛器还能对细胞的机械、化学、重力和光刺激做出反应。在绿藻的同配、异配和卵配物种的有性融合过程中，它也起着重要作用。此外，它含有几个微管组织中心（MTOC），在大多数有鞭毛的绿藻中，这些MTOC组织细胞的整个微管系统。在这篇综述中，讨论了目前用于评估绿藻鞭毛器各种结构功能意义的不同策略。重点关注那些不直接参与产生鞭毛驱动力的结构。
