Johansson G, Backman U, Danielson B G, Fellström B, Ljunghall S, Wikström B
J Am Coll Nutr. 1982;1(2):179-85. doi: 10.1080/07315724.1982.10718985.
Magnesium is a known inhibitor of the formation of calcium oxalate crystals in the urine and was proposed for prophylactic treatment in renal stone disease as early as the 17th and 18th centuries. We have treated 55 patients with recurrent renal calcium stone disease without signs of magnesium deficiency (normal serum magnesium, urinary magnesium, intracellular magnesium in muscle biopsies, gastrointestinal absorption of 28Mg, and magnesium loading test) from our outpatient stone clinic for up to four years with 500 mg Mg2+, in the form of Mg(OH)2, daily. The mean stone episode rate before therapy was 0.8 stones/year/patient. Forty-three recurrent renal calcium stone-formers without medical therapy served as controls. Serum magnesium increased initially but after one year returned to the pretreatment level. Urinary magnesium excretion increased promptly and remained elevated during the follow-up period. The urinary calcium excretion remained unchanged. The magnesium/calcium ratio in the urine increased and approached a value earlier found in healthy subjects without stone disease. Urinary citrate increased on therapy when analysed after three years of treatment. The mean stone episode rate decreased from 0.8 to 0.08 stones/year on treatment and 85% of the patients remained free of recurrence during follow-up, whereas 59% of the patients in the control group continued their stone formation. Side effects were few. Magnesium treatment in renal calcium stone disease is effective with few side effects. No clinical signs of magnesium excess were observed.
镁是已知的尿液中草酸钙晶体形成的抑制剂，早在17和18世纪就被提议用于肾结石疾病的预防性治疗。我们对55例来自门诊结石诊所的复发性肾钙结石病患者进行了长达四年的治疗，这些患者没有镁缺乏的迹象（血清镁、尿镁、肌肉活检中的细胞内镁、28Mg的胃肠道吸收以及镁负荷试验均正常），每日给予500毫克以氢氧化镁形式存在的Mg2+。治疗前平均结石发作率为0.8次/年/患者。43例未经药物治疗的复发性肾钙结石患者作为对照。血清镁最初升高，但一年后恢复到治疗前水平。尿镁排泄迅速增加，并在随访期间一直保持升高。尿钙排泄保持不变。尿中镁/钙比值增加，并接近在无结石病的健康受试者中较早发现的值。治疗三年后分析时，治疗期间尿柠檬酸盐增加。治疗期间平均结石发作率从0.8次/年降至0.08次/年，85%的患者在随访期间无复发，而对照组中59%的患者继续形成结石。副作用很少。肾钙结石病的镁治疗有效且副作用少。未观察到镁过量的临床体征。
