Prost J H
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1980 Feb;52(2):175-89. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330520204.
Human and chimpanzee locomotor behaviors are described and compared using field patterns derived from measurements of the motions at the joints. Field patterns of human and ape bipedalism are so different that it is doubted whether the nonhuman type could ever have been a precursor of the human type. Chimpanzee quadrupedal vertical climbing and human bipedalism are, on the other hand, similar and a particular variety of this kind of climbing probably was the precursor of human bipedalism. Animals adapted to this variation would have had some brachiation-like morphological traits in their pectoral limbs and some hominid-like morphological traits in their pelvic limbs, traits anticipating the human condition. The australopithecines possessed these traits and must have been adapted to arboreal quadrupedal vertical climbing, having the capacity, at the same time, to perform facultative terrestrial bipedalism, moving on the ground in a manner visually identical to that of humans.
通过对关节运动测量得出的场模式来描述和比较人类与黑猩猩的运动行为。人类和猿类两足行走的场模式差异极大，以至于有人怀疑非人类的两足行走类型是否曾是人类两足行走类型的前身。另一方面，黑猩猩的四足垂直攀爬与人类的两足行走相似，这种特定类型的攀爬很可能是人类两足行走的前身。适应这种变化的动物在其胸肢上会有一些类似臂行的形态特征，在其骨盆肢上会有一些类似原始人类的形态特征，这些特征预示着人类的状况。南方古猿拥有这些特征，并且肯定适应了树栖四足垂直攀爬，同时具备进行兼性地面两足行走的能力，在地面上移动的方式在视觉上与人类相同。
