Levy M, Richard C
Am J Physiol. 1978 Jul;235(1):F12-21. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.1978.235.1.F12.
Mobilization of ascites was studied in 20 anesthetized dogs with experimental cirrhosis following a mannitol- or furosemide-induced diuresis. Observations were made at 2 h following the drug, at which time the diuresis was invariably completed, and repeated at 4 h following a 2-h recovery period, during which the ureters were clamped to prevent further urinary losses. In the furosemide group the mean urinary loss was 459 +/- 6 ml and was accompanied by a decline in central venous pressure and hemoconcentration. At 2 h plasma volume had declined by 14% from control values, but at 4 h plasma replenishment was 99% complete. At this time ascites volume had decreased by 467 ml, acting as the major source for vascular replenishment. In the mannitol group, the average urinary loss was 190 +/- 10 ml and was accompanied by maintenance of venous pressure, lack of hemoconcentration, and hyponatremia. At 2 h plasma volume had expanded from control values by 22%, but at 4 h vascular replenishment was only 78% complete. The average ascites volume had decreased by only 55% of the diuretic loss, and was mobilized by a complex sequence of events involving movement of intracellular water.
在20只麻醉的实验性肝硬化犬中，研究了甘露醇或呋塞米诱导利尿后腹水的动员情况。在用药后2小时进行观察，此时利尿总是已完成，在2小时恢复期后4小时重复观察，在此期间夹住输尿管以防止进一步的尿液流失。在呋塞米组中，平均尿量损失为459±6毫升，同时伴有中心静脉压下降和血液浓缩。在2小时时，血浆量较对照值下降了14%，但在4小时时血浆补充已完成99%。此时腹水量减少了467毫升，成为血管补充的主要来源。在甘露醇组中，平均尿量损失为190±10毫升，同时伴有静脉压维持、无血液浓缩和低钠血症。在2小时时，血浆量较对照值增加了22%，但在4小时时血管补充仅完成78%。腹水平均减少量仅为利尿损失量的55%，并且是通过涉及细胞内水移动的一系列复杂事件而被动员的。
