Hooley R A
J Am Diet Assoc. 1980 Dec;77(6):682-6.
The negative implications of hospital malnutrition have been wall documented and demand recognition. Nutritional assessment consists of anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and dietary indexes and forms the objective basis for diagnosis of protein-calorie malnutrition as well as the mechanism by which nutritional adequacy of aggressive alimentation (enteral and parenteral) is evaluated. In the ideal setting, extensive nutritional assessment consists of numerous tests, measurements, and continuous monitoring performed by a specialist whose primary area of expertise is nutritional assessment and clinical nutritional support. In the absence of this service, significant protein-calorie malnutrition should be suspected if the patient has recently lost weight exceeding 10 per cent of usual weight, has a serum albumin of less than 3.5 gm. per deciliter, or exhibits any pathologic state with nutrition-related manifestations.
医院营养不良的负面影响已有充分记录，需要引起重视。营养评估包括人体测量、生化、临床和饮食指标，是诊断蛋白质 - 热量营养不良的客观依据，也是评估积极营养支持（肠内和肠外）营养充足性的机制。在理想情况下，全面的营养评估包括由营养评估和临床营养支持专业领域的专家进行的大量测试、测量和持续监测。如果没有这项服务，当患者近期体重减轻超过平常体重的10%、血清白蛋白低于每分升3.5克，或出现任何与营养相关表现的病理状态时，应怀疑存在严重的蛋白质 - 热量营养不良。
