Stool S E, Craig H B, Laird M A
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl. 1980 May-Jun;89(3 Pt 2):172-7. doi: 10.1177/00034894800890s341.
During the 1977-78 academic year, a study was conducted at the Western Pennsylvania School for the Deaf (WPSD) to evaluate, in a population of profoundly deaf students: 1) the incidence of middle ear (ME) effusion; 2) the correlation between high negative ME pressure (HNP) and ME effusion; and 3) the effect of HNP (> -100 mm H2L) on auditory acuity. All 446 students at WPSD were screened three times (fall, winter, and spring) by both otoscopy and tympanometry and were then classified as belonging to one of five categories according to the status of their ME. Otoscopic, tympanometric, and audiometric evaluations were conducted monthly for 41 study-group students with HNP and 41 controls with normal ears. Tabulations of the incidence of ME conditions over the year-long period showed that 8% of the students had effusion, 21% HNP, 1% inactive disease, 26% residual disease, and 44% normal ME. The majority of severe ME problems occurred in children between the ages of two and eight years. HNP proved insufficient to predict the occurrence of an effusion in children aged 6 to 21 years. However, only 21% of the ears in which HNP was identified returned to and remained normal for the entire year, as contrasted with the initially normal or "controls," of which 77% remained normal. In this profoundly deaf population, the correlation between HNP and threshold shifts proved difficult to document. A small but significantly greater fluctuation in threshold during the period of a year was noted, however, when the students with HMP were compared with the controls.
在1977 - 1978学年期间，在宾夕法尼亚西部聋哑学校（WPSD）进行了一项研究，以评估重度失聪学生群体中的以下情况：1）中耳（ME）积液的发生率；2）高负压性中耳（HNP）与ME积液之间的相关性；3）HNP（> -100 mm H₂O）对听力的影响。WPSD的所有446名学生都通过耳镜检查和鼓室图检查进行了三次筛查（秋季、冬季和春季），然后根据其ME状况被分为五个类别之一。对41名患有HNP的研究组学生和41名耳朵正常的对照组学生每月进行耳镜检查、鼓室图检查和听力测定评估。对长达一年时间内ME状况发生率的列表显示，8%的学生有积液，21%有HNP，1%有静止性疾病，26%有残留疾病，44%的ME正常。大多数严重的ME问题发生在2至8岁的儿童中。事实证明，HNP不足以预测6至21岁儿童积液的发生。然而，在被确定有HNP的耳朵中，只有21%在一整年中恢复并保持正常，相比之下，最初正常的耳朵或“对照组”中有77%保持正常。在这个重度失聪人群中，HNP与阈值变化之间的相关性很难得到证实。然而，当将患有HMP的学生与对照组进行比较时，注意到在一年期间阈值有一个虽小但明显更大的波动。
