Berndorfer A
MMW Munch Med Wochenschr. 1981 Jun 26;123(26):1065-9.
Form and function of the physiognomy can be an expression of life. A change of form is still no disease but if it should cause psychic disturbances, it is justifiable to speak of "pathology of form". Here it is appropriate, instead of plastic operation, to speak of organopsychic therapy, possibility of prevention being included. There are people who consider changes of shape in the face as natural and normal, others find them pathological. Furthermore, there are people who would like to "improve" still more the normal elegant shape of their own faces; possible psychological motives must be taken into consideration here. The plastic surgeon must analyse the form from the same point of view as that of the patient, is the reasons which led him to the surgeon. Under certain circumstances a corrective operation can do more harm than good. For this reason a thorough diagnosis and indication is indispensable.
面相的形态与功能可以是生命的一种表达。形态的改变尚不意味着疾病，但如果这种改变引发了精神障碍，那么谈及“形态病理学”就是合理的。在此，与其说整形手术，不如说是器官心理疗法，预防的可能性也包含其中。有些人认为面部形态的改变是自然且正常的，而另一些人则视其为病态。此外，还有人想要进一步“改善”自己原本优雅的面部形态；这里必须考虑到可能的心理动机。整形外科医生必须从与患者相同的角度分析形态，这也是患者来找外科医生的原因。在某些情况下，矫正手术可能弊大于利。因此，全面的诊断和适应症判断是必不可少的。
