Glass M R, Rudd B T, Lynch S S, Butt W R
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1981 Mar;14(3):257-67. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.1981.tb00194.x.
The effect of oestradiol benzoate on serum gonadotrophin concentrations before and after LHRH administration was studied in lactating and non-lactating women at 3 and 6 weeks post-partum. Except in the non-lactating women at 6 weeks, basal serum FSH concentrations were suppressed by oestrogen. There were no significant changes in basal concentrations of LH after oestrogen in the lactating women in either the 3- or 6-week studies. Individual increases in the basal LH concentrations in two out of six non-lactating subjects in the 6-week study occurred but overall there were no significant changes. In the 6-week study amplification of the LH response to LHRH was found in both groups, the effect being significantly greater in the non-lactating women. Overall FSH responses were also significantly different in the two groups, being suppression in those lactating ad amplification in those not lactating. The LH/FSH ratios following LHRH administration in the 6-week non-lactating study were similar to those seen in the early follicular phase in regularly menstruating subjects. The basal ratios in the lactating subjects were, however, significantly less than those seen in the non-lactating subjects both at 3 and 6 weeks. This difference was associated with the relative enhancement of LH release in non-lactating subjects and enhancement of FSH release in those lactating. Taken together the results indicate the presence of an intact negative feedback of oestrogen on gonadotrophin release in both groups being enhanced at 6 weeks post-partum in the lactating subjects; also in the lactating subjects at 6 weeks there was less amplification by oestrogen of the responsiveness of the anterior pituitary to LHRH. At 6 weeks, however, in the non-lactating group these responses were similar to those seen in normal regularly menstruating subjects. These dynamic endocrine studies suggest a possible hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism which may help to explain the delayed return of ovulatory cycles in lactating women.
研究了产后3周和6周时苯甲酸雌二醇对哺乳期和非哺乳期妇女注射促黄体激素释放激素（LHRH）前后血清促性腺激素浓度的影响。除了产后6周的非哺乳期妇女外，雌激素抑制了基础血清促卵泡激素（FSH）浓度。在3周或6周的研究中，雌激素对哺乳期妇女基础促黄体激素（LH）浓度均无显著影响。在6周的研究中，6名非哺乳期受试者中有2名基础LH浓度出现个体升高，但总体上无显著变化。在6周的研究中，两组均发现LH对LHRH的反应增强，非哺乳期妇女的这种作用显著更强。两组的总体FSH反应也有显著差异，哺乳期妇女的FSH反应受到抑制，而非哺乳期妇女的FSH反应增强。在6周的非哺乳期研究中，注射LHRH后的LH/FSH比值与正常月经周期受试者卵泡早期的比值相似。然而，哺乳期受试者在3周和6周时的基础比值均显著低于非哺乳期受试者。这种差异与非哺乳期受试者LH释放的相对增强以及哺乳期受试者FSH释放的增强有关。综合来看，结果表明两组中雌激素对促性腺激素释放均存在完整的负反馈，在产后6周时哺乳期受试者的这种负反馈增强；同样在产后6周时，雌激素对哺乳期受试者垂体前叶对LHRH反应性的增强作用较小。然而，在产后6周时，非哺乳期组的这些反应与正常规律月经的受试者相似。这些动态内分泌研究提示了一种可能的下丘脑 - 垂体机制，这可能有助于解释哺乳期妇女排卵周期恢复延迟的现象。
