Olcén P, Kjellander J, Danielsson D, Lindquist B L
Scand J Infect Dis. 1981;13(2):105-9. doi: 10.3109/inf.1981.13.issue-2.05.
The prevalence of Neisseria meningitidis during endemic conditions was studied in 2 groups of people: (1) 64 family members to patients with meningococcal disease, and (2) 64 family members to patients with meningitis due to Haemophilus influenzae or Streptococcus pneumoniae. In group 1 the carrier rate of meningococci of the same serogroup, sensitivity to sulphonamide, and serotype (group B) as the index strain was 34%. The carrier rate of meningococci group A, B, C and Y was 39% in group 1 and 1.6% in group 2. The 25 times higher carrier rate in group 1 gives some explanation of the increased risk for family members to patients with meningococcal disease. This risk was calculated to have been 3,000-4,000 times higher for the family members during one month after the diagnosis of an index case 1965-1977 in our county. The hypothesis that meningococci as a rule are introduced into a family by an adult and then spread within the family to a child finds no support in the present study. A statistically highly significant association was found between carriage of pathogenic meningococci and symptoms from the upper respiratory tract.
在地方病流行期间，对两组人群的脑膜炎奈瑟菌携带情况进行了研究：（1）64名患脑膜炎球菌病患者的家庭成员；（2）64名患流感嗜血杆菌或肺炎链球菌性脑膜炎患者的家庭成员。在第1组中，与索引菌株血清群相同、对磺胺敏感且血清型为B型的脑膜炎球菌携带率为34%。第1组中A、B、C和Y群脑膜炎球菌的携带率为39%，第2组为1.6%。第1组中高25倍的携带率对患脑膜炎球菌病患者的家庭成员风险增加给出了一些解释。据计算，在1965 - 1977年我县索引病例诊断后的一个月内，家庭成员的这种风险要高3000 - 4000倍。脑膜炎球菌通常由成人引入家庭然后在家庭内传播给儿童这一假设在本研究中未得到支持。在致病性脑膜炎球菌携带与上呼吸道症状之间发现了具有统计学高度显著性的关联。
