Orosz S E, Townsend S F, Tornheim P A, Brownscheidle C M
Acta Diabetol Lat. 1981 Oct-Dec;18(4):373-81. doi: 10.1007/BF02042822.
Intraneuronal accumulations of sorbitol and fructose have been postulated to predispose the nervous system to the cerebral edema associated with the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. In the present study, the enzymes of the pathway for the production of sorbitol and fructose, aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase, were localized histochemically in brain, spinal cord and sciatic nerve. Enzyme activity was limited to the choroidal epithelium, ependymal cells, and pia mater in normal, 2- and 10-week streptozotocin diabetic and vehicle-treated rats. Sorbitol dehydrogenase activity was located in blood vessels and perineurium of the sciatic nerve in these groups of rats. Comparison of diabetic and vehicle groups did not demonstrate any alteration in the activity of either enzyme in the central nervous system. However, there was a decrease in sorbitol dehydrogenase activity in the blood vessels in the sciatic nerve in 50% of the 10-week diabetic rats.
山梨醇和果糖在神经元内的蓄积被认为会使神经系统更容易发生与糖尿病酮症酸中毒治疗相关的脑水肿。在本研究中，通过组织化学方法确定了山梨醇和果糖生成途径中的酶，即醛糖还原酶和山梨醇脱氢酶，在脑、脊髓和坐骨神经中的定位。在正常大鼠、2周和10周链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠以及接受赋形剂处理的大鼠中，酶活性仅限于脉络丛上皮、室管膜细胞和软脑膜。在这些大鼠组中，山梨醇脱氢酶活性位于坐骨神经的血管和神经束膜。糖尿病组和赋形剂处理组的比较未显示中枢神经系统中任何一种酶的活性有改变。然而，在50%的10周糖尿病大鼠中，坐骨神经血管中的山梨醇脱氢酶活性降低。
