Frankel A I, Wright W W
J Endocrinol. 1982 Feb;92(2):213-23. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.0920213.
A comprehensive study has been made of the hemicastrated rat from 2 to 12 months of age in order to define what might represent an ideal model in which to study testicular regulation. Although there was no compensatory hypertrophy in the remaining testis of the mature hemicastrated rat, levels of plasma testosterone fell significantly within 4 h after surgery in all age groups older than 3 months, and were restored to normal levels almost immediately, usually within 8 h. There were no significant changes in LH and prolactin, and the significant rise in FSH was sufficiently delayed (2 days or more) to suggest that none of these three hormones was implicated in any obvious way in the compensatory restoration of plasma testosterone levels. Although a single testis was capable of maintaining normal plasma testosterone concentrations, its response to human chorionic gonadotrophin at 24 h after hemicastration was significantly less than that of intact animals, suggesting that the single testis was functioning at near-maximal capacity. The hormonal responses to repetitive blood sampling and to sham-surgery simulated the response to hemicastration remarkably. However, these responses were never statistically significant in within-group analysis, and therefore did not obscure the significant fall of plasma testosterone levels in response to hemicastration. The basic mechanism by which plasma testosterone is restored in the hemicastrated rat is still unknown, but the options have been narrowed.
为了确定哪种模型可能是研究睾丸调节的理想模型，对2至12月龄的半去势大鼠进行了一项全面研究。虽然成熟半去势大鼠剩余睾丸中没有代偿性肥大，但在3个月以上的所有年龄组中，术后4小时内血浆睾酮水平显著下降，几乎立即恢复到正常水平，通常在8小时内。促黄体生成素（LH）和催乳素没有显著变化，促卵泡生成素（FSH）的显著升高被充分延迟（2天或更长时间），这表明这三种激素均未以任何明显方式参与血浆睾酮水平的代偿性恢复。虽然单个睾丸能够维持正常的血浆睾酮浓度，但半去势后24小时其对人绒毛膜促性腺激素的反应明显低于完整动物，这表明单个睾丸的功能接近最大容量。对重复采血和假手术的激素反应与对半去势的反应非常相似。然而，在组内分析中，这些反应在统计学上从未显著，因此并未掩盖血浆睾酮水平因半去势而显著下降的情况。半去势大鼠血浆睾酮恢复的基本机制仍然未知，但选择范围已经缩小。
