Olson R E
J Wildl Dis. 1981 Oct;17(4):559-62. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-17.4.559.
Glugea stephani requires temperatures above 15 C for development in juvenile pleuronectid flatfishes in Yaquina Bay, Oregon. The effect of low temperature (10 C) on the development of recently established parasites was tested experimentally in juvenile English sole (Parophrys vetulus). Low temperature arrested parasite development, but did not kill the protozoan which resumed development on return to 19-20 C after as long as 42 days at 10 C. No parasites detectable with the light microscope were found in fish examined after 70 days at 10 C. Although most juvenile English sole move permanently from the estuary to cooler ocean waters in fall and do not contribute to the continuation of the parasite life cycle, the cycle may be maintained by low numbers of English sole that overwinter in the estuary.
在俄勒冈州亚奎纳湾的幼年鲽形目比目鱼中，斯蒂芬氏格留虫的发育需要15摄氏度以上的温度。在幼年英国鲽（Parophrys vetulus）中，通过实验测试了低温（10摄氏度）对新建立的寄生虫发育的影响。低温使寄生虫发育停滞，但并未杀死原生动物，在10摄氏度下长达42天后，当温度恢复到19 - 20摄氏度时，原生动物恢复发育。在10摄氏度下放置70天后检查的鱼中，未发现用光学显微镜可检测到的寄生虫。尽管大多数幼年英国鲽在秋季会从河口永久性地迁移到较冷的海洋水域，且不会对寄生虫生命周期的延续有贡献，但河口少量越冬的英国鲽可能维持该生命周期。
