Effect of dosage and frequency of injection of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone on release of luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone in estradiol-treated steers.

The objective was to determine how estradiol (0 vs 1 mg) and changes in the dosage of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH; 1,000 ng/steer vs 1 ng/kg body weight) and frequency of LHRH injection (25 vs 50 min) affect LH and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) release in steers. In steers pretreated with estradiol peak concentrations of LH in serum after LHRH averaged 14.4 ng/ml, which was greater (P less than .001) than peak concentrations in steers given oil (7.4 ng/ml). Increasing the dosage of LHRH from 1 ng/Kg body weight (approximately or equal to 300 ng/steer) to 1,000 ng/steer increased (P less than .001) peak LH values from 7.5 to 14.4 ng/ml. Furthermore, increasing the frequency of LHRH injections from once every 50 min to once every 25 min increased (P less than .001) LH release, but only in steers given estradiol. Estradiol reduced basal concentrations of FSH by 65% and then increased LHRH-induced FSH release by 276% (P approximately .07) relative to values for steers given oil. Only when 1,000 ng LHRH was given every 25 min to steers pretreated with estradiol were LH and FSH release profiles similar to the preovulatory gonadotropin surges of cows in magnitude, duration and general shape. The results demonstrate that increases in the dosage or frequency of LHRH pulses increase LHRH-induced release of LH, but not of FSH. Furthermore, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that in cows, estradiol increases responsiveness of the gonadotrophs to LHRH and then increases the magnitude and frequency of pulses of LHRH secretion beyond basal levels, thereby causing the preovulatory gonadotropin surges.