Tests of thyroid function important to the ophthalmologist.

The most useful tests to establish a diagnosis of endocrine exophthalmos are the following: To prove that thyroid gland activity is increased: serum T3 and T4 assays. To demonstrate immunologic abnormalities: thyroid antibody testing and the TDA test. To demonstrate an abnormal hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis: the TRH test. To demonstrate enlarged ocular muscles: orbital ultrasonography and computerized tomography.