Plouin P F, Bréart G, Rabarison Y, Sureau C, Rumeau-Rouquette C, Ménard J
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 1982 Jun;75 Spec No:5-7.
To evaluate the incidence and the foetal effects of gestational hypertension, we studied 2 996 pregnancies with a single live birth in mothers selected on the basis of 1) a documented diastolic blood pressure (DBP) less than 90 mmHg before the 16th week of amenorrhea and 2) no history of hypertension or kidney disease. In 38,4% of the gravidas, the highest DBP during pregnancy was greater than or equal to 90 mmHg, and in 15,4% this level was reached twice or more. Gestational hypertension (two DBP readings greater than or equal to 90 mmHg) was more frequent in nullipara than in mothers with previous pregnancies (17,9 versus 12,4%, p less than 0,01) and its incidence tended to decrease with increasing maternal age. Irrespective of parity or maternal age, a significant increase in the percentage of small for gestational age infants was associated with increasing DBP levels: 3,2, 6,4 and 8,5% when the highest recorded DBP was less than 90 mmHg, equal to 90 mmHg (even at one single reading), or greater than or equal to 100 mmHg respectively (p less than 0,001). Very similar percentages were obtained in non-proteinuric pregnancies: 3,3, 6,5 and 7,8 respectively (p less than 0.001). Non-proteinuric gestational hypertension, even mild or transitory, is indicative of a high risk pregnancy and requires close medical supervision.
为评估妊娠期高血压的发生率及其对胎儿的影响，我们对2996例单胎活产妊娠进行了研究，这些孕妇的选择标准为：1）闭经16周前舒张压（DBP）记录小于90 mmHg；2）无高血压或肾脏疾病史。在38.4%的孕妇中，孕期最高DBP大于或等于90 mmHg，15.4%的孕妇该水平达到两次或更多次。妊娠期高血压（两次DBP读数大于或等于90 mmHg）在初产妇中比有既往妊娠史的母亲更常见（17.9%对12.4%，p<0.01），其发生率随母亲年龄增加而趋于降低。无论产次或母亲年龄如何，小于胎龄儿的百分比显著增加与DBP水平升高相关：最高记录DBP小于90 mmHg、等于90 mmHg（即使仅一次读数）或大于或等于100 mmHg时，分别为3.2%、6.4%和8.5%（p<0.001）。在无蛋白尿的妊娠中获得了非常相似的百分比：分别为3.3%、6.5%和7.8%（p<0.001）。无蛋白尿的妊娠期高血压，即使是轻度或短暂性的，也表明是高危妊娠，需要密切的医疗监护。
