Plouin P F, Breart G, Rabarison Y, Rumeau-Rouquette C, Sureau C, Menard J
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1983 Dec;16(4):253-62. doi: 10.1016/0028-2243(83)90142-9.
To evaluate the effects of gestational hypertension on fetal growth, we studied the standardized records of 2996 single live-birth pregnancies. Mothers all had documented diastolic blood pressure of less than 85 mmHg before the 16th wk of amenorrhea and no history of pre-pregnancy hypertension or kidney disease. Diastolic blood pressure readings exceeding 84 mmHg were found later in pregnancy in 38.4% of the mothers, and were associated with an increased number of small-for gestational-age infants: 3.2% in mothers whose diastolic blood pressure had never reached 85 mmHg, 6.3% when peak diastolic blood pressure had been in the 85-94 mmHg range, and 8.5% when it had exceeded 94 mmHg (p less than 0.01). In mothers who had had one or more diastolic readings of more than 84 mmHg, and for all peak diastolic pressures, the rate of small-for-gestational-age infants was higher when hypertension had begun early in third trimester (between the 27th and 36th wk), than in the second trimester or later than the 35th wk (10.2% compared to 5.6 and 6.1% respectively, p = 0.02). This temporal reinforcement of the adverse fetal effects of hypertension when it began in the early third trimester was not explained by differences in the incidence of proteinuria or in maternal age, parity, obstetric history or smoking habits.
为评估妊娠期高血压对胎儿生长的影响，我们研究了2996例单胎活产妊娠的标准化记录。所有母亲在闭经第16周前舒张压均记录为低于85 mmHg，且无孕前高血压或肾脏疾病史。在孕期后期，38.4%的母亲舒张压读数超过84 mmHg，且与小于胎龄儿数量增加相关：舒张压从未达到85 mmHg的母亲中为3.2%，舒张压峰值在85 - 94 mmHg范围时为6.3%，超过94 mmHg时为8.5%（p<0.01）。在舒张压读数有一次或多次超过84 mmHg的母亲中，对于所有舒张压峰值，妊娠晚期（第27至36周）早期开始出现高血压时小于胎龄儿的发生率高于妊娠中期或晚于第35周时（分别为10.2%，5.6%和6.1%，p = 0.02）。妊娠晚期早期开始出现高血压时，高血压对胎儿的不良影响在时间上的增强无法用蛋白尿发生率、母亲年龄、产次、产科病史或吸烟习惯的差异来解释。
