Chan S T, Johnson A W, Moore M H, Kapadia C R, Dudley H A
Hum Nutr Clin Nutr. 1982;36(3):223-32.
Early weight gain by starving patients managed with total parenteral nutrition has been regarded as spurious - that is, merely an increase in body water. We designed an experiment to mimic the starved state in which glycogen stores are depleted and sodium intake is very low. The subjects were then repleted with a sodium-free, high carbohydrate intake. All subjects who received potassium gained weight and switched to a respiratory exchange ratio which suggested mainly carbohydrate oxidation. From changes in weight and total body water the weight gain was calculated to be the consequence of glycogen storage with 1 g of glycogen obligating 3.21 +/- 0.57 g water. Two patients with total dysphagia showed a similar pattern. Two subjects who did not receive potassium showed a rise in respiratory exchange ratio but failed to store glycogen. Early weight gain in patients who received high-carbohydrate feeding after starvation is a normal phenomenon and represents a return to a more hydrated state consequent upon glycogen repletion.
接受全胃肠外营养治疗的饥饿患者早期体重增加一直被认为是假性的——也就是说，仅仅是身体水分的增加。我们设计了一项实验来模拟糖原储备耗尽且钠摄入量极低的饥饿状态。然后让受试者补充无钠、高碳水化合物的饮食。所有接受钾补充的受试者体重都增加了，并且呼吸交换率转变为主要提示碳水化合物氧化的状态。根据体重和总体水的变化计算得出，体重增加是糖原储存的结果，1克糖原结合3.21±0.57克水。两名完全吞咽困难的患者表现出类似的模式。两名未接受钾补充的受试者呼吸交换率上升，但未能储存糖原。饥饿后接受高碳水化合物喂养的患者早期体重增加是一种正常现象，代表着糖原补充后恢复到水分含量更高的状态。
