Singer S J
Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1982;60:25-30.
The cell surface is the locus for many important biochemical functions of cells and for the interactions of cells with one another and with their environment. The structure of the cell surface may be thought of as three-layered, with a central plasma membrane to which certain macromolecular components are attached on the outer face (the exoskeleton) and other components on the inner face (the membrane cytoskeleton). In the last decade, the basic molecular structure of the plasma membrane has been elucidated and can be represented by the fluid mosaic model as a first approximation. The binding of specific integral proteins of the membrane to individual peripheral proteins outside or inside the cell is most likely the basis for the three-layered structure of the cell surface. Studies of the last several years on the molecular structures of these three-layered cell surfaces of cultured normal fibroblasts and of fibroblasts transformed by oncogenic viruses are beginning to shed light on the molecular mechanisms responsible for changes in cell shape, adhesiveness, and in contact inhibition of motility associated with neoplastic transformation.
细胞表面是细胞许多重要生化功能的发生场所，也是细胞彼此之间以及细胞与环境相互作用的场所。细胞表面的结构可被认为是三层的，中间是质膜，某些大分子成分附着在质膜外表面（外骨骼），其他成分附着在质膜内表面（膜细胞骨架）。在过去十年中，质膜的基本分子结构已被阐明，作为初步近似，可以用流体镶嵌模型来表示。膜的特定整合蛋白与细胞外或细胞内的单个外周蛋白的结合很可能是细胞表面三层结构的基础。过去几年对培养的正常成纤维细胞和致癌病毒转化的成纤维细胞的这些三层细胞表面分子结构的研究，开始揭示与肿瘤转化相关的细胞形状、黏附性和运动接触抑制变化的分子机制。
