Farquhar J W, Maccoby N, Wood P D, Alexander J K, Breitrose H, Brown B W, Haskell W L, McAlister A L, Meyer A J, Nash J D, Stern M P
Lancet. 1977 Jun 4;1(8023):1192-5. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(77)92727-1.
To determine whether community health education can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, a field experiment was conducted in three northern California towns. In two of these communities there were extensive mass-media campaigns over a 2-year period, and in one of these, face-to-face counselling was also provided for a small subset of high-risk people. The third community served as a control. People from each community were interviewed and examined before the campaigns began and one and two years afterwards to assess knowledge and behaviour related to cardiovascular disease (e.g., diet and smoking) and also to measure physiological indicators of risk (e.g., blood-pressure, relative weight, and plasma-cholesterol). In the control community the risk of cardiovascular disease increased over the two years but in the treatment communities there was a substantial and sustained decrease in risk. In the community in which there was some face-to-face counselling the initial improvement was greater and health education was more successful in reducing cigarette smoking, but at the end of the second year the decrease in risk was similar in both treatment communities. These results strongly suggest that mass-media education campaigns directed at entire communities may be very effective in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
为了确定社区健康教育是否能够降低心血管疾病的风险，在加利福尼亚州北部的三个城镇开展了一项实地试验。在其中两个社区，开展了为期两年的广泛的大众媒体宣传活动，并且在其中一个社区，还为一小部分高危人群提供了面对面咨询服务。第三个社区作为对照。在宣传活动开始前以及活动开始后的一年和两年，对每个社区的居民进行访谈和检查，以评估与心血管疾病相关的知识和行为（例如饮食和吸烟），并测量风险的生理指标（例如血压、相对体重和血浆胆固醇）。在对照社区，心血管疾病风险在两年间有所上升，但在治疗社区，风险出现了显著且持续的下降。在提供了一些面对面咨询服务的社区，最初的改善更为明显，并且健康教育在减少吸烟方面更为成功，但在第二年年底，两个治疗社区的风险下降情况相似。这些结果有力地表明，针对整个社区开展的大众媒体教育活动在降低心血管疾病风险方面可能非常有效。
