Nicolau P J
Br J Plast Surg. 1983 Apr;36(2):141-53. doi: 10.1016/0007-1226(83)90081-4.
Using electrical stimulation the different muscular components of the orbicularis oris muscle are defined at the time of operation for repair of the cleft. By wide dissection and differential re-arrangement, these muscular components can then be brought into their normal position. Not only is a better cosmetic and functional result achieved immediately but it is suggested that some common growth deformities will be avoided.
