Tobias P V
Int J Health Serv. 1983;13(1):131-53. doi: 10.2190/FCEQ-9W7L-WD9P-5CP9.
An analysis is presented of the numbers of medical students in South African medical schools and of medical graduates produced annually. The data are analyzed according to ethnic groups. It is shown that gross discrepancies exist, and that black (African) and "Colored" sectors of the population are seriously underrepresented. This pattern is found for the total number of medical students; the ratio of number of medical students in each ethnic group to the total population of that group; the number of medical schools to which blacks may, in terms of the government's apartheid policy, be freely admitted; the absolute numbers of medical graduates drawn from each ethnic group and the percentage of the total number of medical practitioners stemming from each population group; and the ratio of the numbers of medical graduates in each ethnic group to the total population of that group. No matter which yardstick is employed, marked discrepancies are apparent. It is maintained that the separate and inferior schooling system for blacks, under the apartheid policy, is not providing suitably qualified medical student material from the African and "Colored" population groups; and that the State (under which all South African medical schools fall) has not permitted existing medical school facilities to be freely opened for the medical training of blacks, nor has it made available sufficient facilities for the medical training of blacks. It is concluded that the apartheid policy, with its many ramifications at primary, secondary, and tertiary educational levels, has constituted the most serious setback to medical education in southern Africa. It has left medical education in southern Africa over 30 years behind a point where it could and should have been.
本文对南非医学院校的医学生数量以及每年培养的医学毕业生数量进行了分析。数据按种族群体进行了分析。结果表明，存在严重差异，黑人群体（非洲人）和“有色人种”在医学院校就读人数中所占比例严重偏低。这种模式在医学生总数、各民族医学生人数与该民族总人口的比例、根据政府种族隔离政策黑人可自由入学的医学院校数量、各民族医学毕业生的绝对数量以及各民族医学从业者占医学从业者总数的百分比、各民族医学毕业生人数与该民族总人口的比例等方面均有体现。无论采用哪种衡量标准，明显的差异都很突出。据称，种族隔离政策下针对黑人的单独且低等的教育体系，无法为非洲人和“有色人种”群体提供具备适当资质的医学生；而且国家（所有南非医学院校都归其管辖）既不允许现有的医学院校设施向黑人开放以进行医学培训，也没有为黑人的医学培训提供足够的设施。结论是，种族隔离政策在小学、中学和高等教育各级产生了诸多影响，已成为南部非洲医学教育最严重的挫折。它使南部非洲的医学教育落后于本应达到的水平30多年。
