Moore C P, Fales W H, Whittington P, Bauer L
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1983 Mar 15;182(6):600-3.
Gram-negative bacteria were the most common microbial isolates from 38 eyes of 37 horses with ulcerative keratitis. Pseudomonas sp, Enterobacter group, and Acinetobacter sp were the most prevalent. Fungi were cultured from 15 eyes and included 7 genera, with Aspergillus sp being the most prevalent. Ten of the eyes with fungal keratitis had been treated with corticosteroids. Eleven of 38 eyes had mixed bacterial and fungal infections. Clinically, the most severe cases were those in which Aspergillus and gram-negative bacteria existed in a mixed infection. On the basis of susceptibility testing, gentamicin was highly efficacious (88.4%) against all bacterial isolates. Cephaloridine was slightly more efficacious than gentamicin against the gram-positive organisms. Only 32.3% of the gram-negative isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol. Of the relatively small number of gram-positive organisms isolated, streptococci were more often susceptible to chloramphenicol, whereas staphylococci were more often susceptible to gentamicin.
革兰氏阴性菌是37匹患有溃疡性角膜炎的马的38只眼中最常见的微生物分离株。假单胞菌属、肠杆菌属和不动杆菌属最为普遍。从15只眼中培养出了真菌，包括7个属，其中曲霉菌属最为普遍。10只患有真菌性角膜炎的眼睛曾接受过皮质类固醇治疗。38只眼中有11只存在细菌和真菌感染。临床上，最严重的病例是曲霉菌和革兰氏阴性菌混合感染的情况。根据药敏试验，庆大霉素对所有细菌分离株的疗效很高（88.4%）。头孢菌素对革兰氏阳性菌的疗效略高于庆大霉素。只有32.3%的革兰氏阴性分离株对氯霉素敏感。在分离出的数量相对较少的革兰氏阳性菌中，链球菌更常对氯霉素敏感，而葡萄球菌更常对庆大霉素敏感。
