O'Brien T P, Riner L S, Budd K S
J Appl Behav Anal. 1983 Spring;16(1):69-79. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1983.16-69.
A self-evaluation program was implemented with a kindergarten-aged boy in the home to increase compliance with parent instructions and decrease inappropriate verbal behavior. The self-evaluation package included the child's assessing the appropriateness of his behavior in 5-min intervals, receiving chips for positive self-evaluations, and exchanging chips for a reward following experimental sessions. In a reversal design, analyses were conducted of the effectiveness of the self-evaluation program, the requisite conditions for effective child behavior change with a self-evaluation approach, and the parent's efficiency in using the self-evaluation package. The self-evaluation procedures typically resulted in increased compliant behavior and decreased inappropriate behavior, although the effects generally weakened with time. Behavioral gains were greater and better maintained when the self-evaluation procedures were preceded by a phase of external evaluation via the mother than by baseline, suggesting that self-evaluation procedures may serve more to maintain the effects of external evaluation rather than to induce their own changes. The parent generally was efficient in implementing the procedures. Research and clinical implications for using self-evaluation procedures in a home setting are discussed.
在家庭环境中，针对一名幼儿园年龄的男孩实施了一项自我评估计划，以提高他对家长指令的依从性，并减少不适当的言语行为。自我评估方案包括让孩子每隔5分钟评估自己行为的适当性，对积极的自我评估给予筹码，并在实验环节后用筹码兑换奖励。采用反转设计，对自我评估计划的有效性、采用自我评估方法实现有效儿童行为改变的必要条件以及家长使用自我评估方案的效率进行了分析。自我评估程序通常会使依从行为增加，不适当行为减少，尽管随着时间推移效果一般会减弱。与基线相比，当自我评估程序之前有母亲进行的外部评估阶段时，行为改善更大且维持得更好，这表明自我评估程序可能更多地是为了维持外部评估的效果，而不是引发自身的改变。家长在实施这些程序时总体上是高效的。文中讨论了在家庭环境中使用自我评估程序的研究和临床意义。
