Mitchell J, Weller R O, Evans H, Arai I, Daves G D
Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 1978 Mar-Apr;4(2):85-97. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.1978.tb00550.x.
Ingestion of the endocarp of the coyotillo fruit, Karwinskia humboldtiana, a shrub of the buckthorn family, causes "Buckthorn neuropathy" in man and animals. Two neurotoxic compounds T496 and T544 were isolated from the endocarp and each toxin was dissolved in sesame oil and injected into the sciatic nerve of rats. The nerves were subsequently examined by teasing and as sections by light and electron microscopy. During the first 3--4 days after injection, oil droplets, probably containing toxin, were observed in the cytoplasm of Schwann cells with intact myelin sheaths. Clinical signs of weakness in the limb first appeared at 5--6 days and were accompanied by segmental demyelination mainly of the larger fibres. These observations suggest that the toxins have a primary action on Schwann cell metabolism. The results of local injection of purified toxins are discussed in relation to reports of nerve damage in animals following oral administration of the endocarp where intramyelin vacuole formation and segmental demyelination are prominent features.
摄入鼠李科灌木卡氏鼠李（Karwinskia humboldtiana）的 coyotillo 果实的内果皮会导致人和动物出现“鼠李神经病变”。从内果皮中分离出两种神经毒性化合物 T496 和 T544，并将每种毒素溶解在芝麻油中，注入大鼠的坐骨神经。随后通过剥离以及光镜和电镜切片对神经进行检查。注射后的最初 3 - 4天内，在髓鞘完整的施万细胞胞质中观察到可能含有毒素的油滴。肢体无力的临床症状在5 - 6天首次出现，并伴有主要是较大纤维的节段性脱髓鞘。这些观察结果表明，毒素对施万细胞代谢有主要作用。结合口服内果皮后动物神经损伤的报告讨论了局部注射纯化毒素的结果，在这些报告中，髓鞘内空泡形成和节段性脱髓鞘是突出特征。
